Tropical Diseases:
The diseases that are widespread in or
unique to tropical and subtropical regions are called Tropical diseases. The
Tropical Diseases are less prevalent in temperate climates, due in part to the
occurrence of a cold season, which controls the insect population. Insects such
as mosquitoes and flies are by far the most common disease transporters. These
insects may carry a parasite, bacterium or virus that is infectious to humans
and animals. Commonly the disease is transmitted by the byte of an insect. That
byte causes transmission of the infectious agent through subcutaneous blood
exchange.
In 1975 the United Nations Children's
Fund, the United State’s Development Programme, the World Bank and the World
Health Organization established the Special Programme for Research and Training
in Tropical Diseases (TDR) to focus on ignored contagious diseases which
disproportionately affect poor and marginalized populations in developing
regions of Africa, Asia, Central America and South America.
Human exploration of tropical
rainforests, deforestation, rising immigration and increased international air
travel and other tourism to tropical regions has led to an increased incidence
of such diseases.
African trypanosomiasis or sleeping
sickness, is a parasitic disease, caused by protozoa called trypansomes. The
two responsible for African trypanosomiasis are Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. These parasites are transmitted by the
tsetse fly. Leishmaniasis caused by protozoan parasites of the genus
Leishmania, and transmitted by the bite of certain species of sand fly.
We can prevent the Tropical Diseases
through the prevention treatment. The Prevention treatment includes draining
wetlands to reduce populations of insects and other vectors, applying
insecticides and/or insect repellents to strategic surfaces such as: clothing,
skin, buildings, insect habitats, and bed nets.
