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Phobia
is a kind of medical situation in which an
individual is scared of a particular object, situation or activity. The
individual who is affected with phobia suffers from abnormal mental stress that
leads to interference in their routine functions.
Usually, simple phobias set in during the
childhood stage of an individual and disappear when the individual is in late
teens. Whereas Complex phobias tend to surface at a later period in the life of
a person. Potentially, a phobia is a
more complicated issue than a simple fear.
It is the most prevalent mental disorder in the US.
Types
of Phobia
Essentially, there are three types of
Phobia, namely:
Social
phobia:
Social Phobia, in alternative terms, is
known as social anxiety disorder. Persons with this type of disorder develop
aversion to criticism, negative evaluation and rejection. Being grappled with
social phobia, people tend to avoid taking part in social gatherings.
Agoraphobia:
A person who is plagued with agoraphobia is
terrified of being trapped in an unavoidable situation. Resultantly, people are
dreaded to travelling in buses, trains and avoid going to crowded places, such
as shopping malls. In serious cases, the fear may be intensified so much so
that the individual will not venture out of the house at all.
Specific
phobia:
A specific phobia is an unreasonable fear
of a facing a particular object or situation. Subsequently, the sufferer tends
to avoid the objects in all situations. The individual develops fear of flying,
fear of enclosed spaces and fear of heights, fear of animals like snakes,
spiders and rodents.
Treatment
for Phobia
Self-help strategies and therapy can yield
positive results in dealing with phobia.
There are a number of therapy techniques to treat phobias. The potency of a
therapy depends on the person and the kind of phobia. Below-mentioned are just some
of the available phobia treatments:
In Exposure
therapy, the person is exposed to the fear object in order to help him/her overcome
fear factor.
Another kind of therapy is flooding, in which the person is made
to face the fear object for a considerable time blocking the opportunity to
escape from the situation. The goal of this technique is to help the person
experience fear and realize that the fear object will not cause him harm at all.
Counter-conditioning
technique is one such effective technique and using this technique, the person is taught the
ways of overcoming feelings like disgust and fear. This technique equally works
to the advantage of people who are fearful of facing animals.
